The researchers measured the total lifetime consumption of alcohol ( x) on a random sample of n = 50 alcoholic men. Some researchers (Urbano-Marquez, et al., 1989) were interested in determining whether or not alcohol consumption was linearly related to muscle strength. Let's look at an example to see what a "well-behaved" residual plot looks like. The plot is used to detect non-linearity, unequal error variances, and outliers. It is a scatter plot of residuals on the y axis and fitted values (estimated responses) on the x axis. When conducting a residual analysis, a " residuals versus fits plot" is the most frequently created plot.
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